Custom $/Hour Machine Cost $/Hour Est. A "custom rate" is the amount agreed upon by both parties to be paid by the custom work customer to the custom . The salvage value for the self-propelled sprayer is assumed to be 30 percent of the purchase price. This could be the case in a year such as 2021, when the cost of machinery operation for diesel fuel, repairs, and labor have increased substantially from the beginning of the year until year-end. The rates reported in this guide summarize a statewide survey conducted online and by solicitations of University of Missouri Extension specialists in the winter of 2019-2020. For excellent quality farmland, the 2021 cash rent is projected at $297 per acre, down $8 from the $305 average. Purdue University Center for Commercial Agricultures ag economists Michael Langemeier and James Mintert walk participants through key considerations for their 2023 insurance options. Phone: 608-930-9850. forklift operator certification salary near Mombasa. Most auto insurers have been rapidly hiking rates to catch up to inflationary pressures that have made many of them unprofitable on an underwriting basis. Lets say you dont want to retire and rent out your farm, but you dont want to do it all yourself either. For each operation, the average of the responses received is reported. By Mike Rankin. Respondents were asked to report custom rates they had either paid or received during the past year. The average price for diesel fuel was assumed to be $2.71 per gallon. The custom farming rates for corn and soybean production were also expected to be steady compared to a year earlier. their farm business or perform custom work for others. November 2021 (11) October 2021 (10) September 2021 (12) August 2021 (14) July 2021 (12) June 2021 (15) . According to Lattz and Schnitkey (2017b), a self-propelled sprayer can cover 80.6 acres per hour. This article compares machinery costs per acre for a case farm to custom rates associated with a field cultivation operation and a self-propelled sprayer operation. Web a downside scenario could lead the global economy to shrink by as much as 8% this year, followed by a sluggish recovery in 2021 of just over 1%, with output in emdes contracting by almost 5% this year. % That enables State Farm to absorb billions in losses without worrying about its financial condition or about shareholder reaction. << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> Custom Rates - Crop and pastureland lease and rental; Custom Rates - Field operations for a look at their summary, including commentary by farm management experts Dale Lattz and Gary Schnitkey. ) Langemeier, Michael. 4WD - 260 hp. An additional amount for profit should be added to our cost estimates, as we have not added an amount for returns. Fuel costs will vary with each operations fuel use. your experience, perform analytics and deliver personalized advertising on our sites,
Post Application Coverage Endorsement Tool (Sheet), Balance Sheet & Historical Financial Statements, Briomass Crop Budget Tool Miscanthus & Switchgrass, Illinois Soil Productivity & Yield Utilities, Farmland LEasing Facts Sheets & Pricing Information, Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics. Machinery Cost Estimates: Field Operations. Illinois Farm Management Handbook, Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, updated October 11, 2021. In general, operations for which fewer than five responses were received are not reported here. David Meiss: Leading, serving with humility, Great Plains adds tools, partners with Bayer. Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, July 27, 2021. Ohio Custom Rates. When comparing total machinery costs to custom hire charges, it is particularly important to include labor costs. That compared with a $1.3 billion net profit in 2021. Custom rate guides are popular documents in those states that continue to do the survey legwork; unfortunately, many do not. However, it is Web washington, d.c., nov. Hello and welcome to this years commemoration event for international day of persons with disabilities. Farming is a complex business and many farmers utilize outside assistance for specific farm-related work. These rates, except where noted, include the implement and tractor if required, all variable machinery costs such as fuel, oil, lube, twine, etc., and labor for the . a variety of reasons, including to recognize new and past website users, to customize
Using this information, the total machinery cost per acre was $9.58. Communication. In addition to the costs outlined in table 3, the costs in table 4 include fuel, lubrication, and labor costs. If your machinery cost per acre is relatively high, then a farm should consider using a custom operator rather than replacing their own machine. In addition to the costs outlined in table 1, the costs in table 2 include fuel, lubrication, and labor costs. Web the national unemployment rate has been declining since last august, when it peaked at 6.4%, to 5.4% in march 2021. Thank you to those who . The event will begin shortly at 8:30 am est. An equal access/equal opportunity university, Importance of Crop Basis when Marketing Grain. Here, a look at cost estimates of field, forage and harvesting operations, plus per-hour tractor operating costs. For a detailed statement, please see the University of Illinois Copyright Information and Policies here. governor and attorney general in 2021.) These published custom rates are based on a statewide survey of 365 farmers, custom operators, farm managers and landowners conducted in 2016. The 2021 estimates appear in the 2021 tractor costs publications, while the 2017 and 2019 costs appear in the machinery costs 2017 and 2019 editions. Following are the median (adjusted average) custom rates for some common farming practices for 2019, based on the "Iowa Farm Custom Rate Survey" : Custom Farming Rates : (Includes tillage, planting and harvesting costs) Corn $132.25 per acre (Range = $80.00 - $225.00) Soybeans - $121.20 per acre (Range = $75.00 - $210.25) Small [] Third, custom rate comparisons were derived from Langemeier (2017) and Plastina and Johanns (2017). Larger standard deviations in relation to reported averages indicate greater variability in the reported custom rates. Costs for most operations are higher in 2021 than in 2019, with most of the increases due to increases in list prices of machines. Here, a look at cost estimates of field, forage and harvesting operations, plus per-hour tractor operating costs. University of Illinois will publish 2021 machinery cost estimates at the end of September. A variety of reasons can be given for this difference, including the desires of farm owners who seek professional management for higher returns. Farm work completed by others is called custom farm work or more simply, custom work. A custom rate is the amount agreed upon by both parties to be paid by the custom work customer to the custom work provider. "2017 Iowa Farm Custom Rate Survey." "Estimating Farm Machinery Costs." If annual hours of use or useful life were lower, the cost rates for interest, insurance and housing, and repairs would be higher. In these situations, the custom operator may charge a custom rate that is well below the full cost of owning and operating their farm machinery either to build goodwill or to more fully utilize their machinery capacity. The 2018 survey is the most recent survey prior to 2021. This is especially true with new and younger farm operators, as well as with children that decide to start farming with their parents. CUSTOM FARMING: Looking at arranging custom farming on your operation? In all cases, estimated costs went up and ranged from 2% to 19%. bi.&2SysmYigjfRD Higher returns in 2021 likely will lead to debt retirement, causing lower debt levels in 2022 with steady interest rates. Lattz, D. and G. Schnitkey. A $19 per hour rate was used in 2019 compared to a $20 per hour rate in 2021. A "custom rate" is the amount agreed upon by both parties to be paid by the custom work customer to the custom work provider. Examples pertaining to field cultivation and a self-propelled sprayer were used to illustrate the conceptual framework. The rates calculated here are averages for these states and are adjusted to account for changes in fuel price, machinery costs1, and wages2 from the time of the reported surveys. Nationally, Geico saw its auto policies fall 9% in the year that ended Dec. 31, according to a filing over the weekend by parent Berkshire Hathaway, an unheard-of result from an insurer that has been the fastest growing in the industry over the past two decades. Staying current is easy with Crain's news delivered straight to your inbox, free of charge. 2017 Indiana Farm Custom Rates. February 4, 2007. Data were collected from agricultural producers, landowners and managers, lenders, . This site is operated by a business or businesses owned by Informa PLC and all copyright resides with them. Harvest. If you have trouble accessing this page because of a disability, please contact the Center for Commercial Agriculture. Adding 5 to 15 percent to estimated costs is appropriate when determining custom rates. The average custom rates for farm operations in most areas of the Upper Midwest tend to be very close to the average Iowa custom rates. For that reason, readers of this publication should not interpret the average rates reported here as indicative of the total cost of completing these operations. Disclaimer: We request all readers, electronic media and others follow our citation guidelines when re-posting articles from farmdoc daily. The rates presented in this publication represent the responses of a statewide survey conducted from February to March 2013 by Mississippi State University Extension agricultural economists. Details: New to University Housing for 2020- 2021 For 2020, Illinois ' average cash rent is $222 per acre, down $2 from 2019, according to USDA data. Custom work charges are determined by demand and supply and are negotiated between farmers and custom operators. In particular, they discuss a handy thumb rule to use when considering an increase in coverage levels for RP insurance. lished custom rates while another farm incurred costs of almost 247 percent of the published custom rates. The site also contains a completed example of a farm return. Web regional growth is projected to rebound to 4.5 percent . If you are figuring what it costs you to make hay on your farm, add mowing, raking, and baling at 20.20 per bale ( Machinery Cost Estimates, University of Illinois Extension, June 2015 ). Base Rate with Extra Charge for High Yield (if any) Flat Rate Charge Base Rate ($/Acre) Extra Charge for High Yield Dollar Per Acre No. The computations of interest, insurance and housing, and repair costs assumed that the self-propelled sprayer had one-half of its useful life left. This publication reports custom rates based on a statewide survey of 377 farmers, custom operators, farm managers, and landowners conducted in 2020. We use these technologies for
But the rebound is expected to be uneven across countries, as major economies look set to register strong growth even as many developing economies lag. The rate hike, the latest in a series from the state's largest auto insurer, will add about $58 to the . Lattz, D. and G. Schnitkey. Illinois Society members are projecting lower rents in 2021. Depending on your situation, you may want to consider the following spraying and ammonia application total costs from 2019: Liquid fertilizer applicator at $23.50 per acre. This publication reports custom rates based on a statewide survey of 377 farmers, custom operators, farm managers, and landowners conducted in 2020. Thus, her professional and career focus is centered around educating agriculture producers and youth to aid in prospering the agriculture industry. From 2019 to 2021, most of the estimated machinery costs went up. Farmland LEasing Facts Sheets . Rural Tax.org. Operating costs include repairs and maintenance, fuel, lubrication, and labor. Fuel costs will vary with each operations fuel use. 2017 Indiana Farm Custom Rates." Go to Custom Rates From time to time, Prairie Farmer gets requests for the custom rate estimates on various field operations. The duo strives to raise functional cattle that are show ring quality and a solid foundation for building anyones herd. Custom rates surveys provide producers with additional information to help with their farm management decisions. All listed custom rates in the 2021 Iowa Survey results include fuel, labor, repairs, depreciation, insurance, and interest, unless otherwise specified. Custom operators who extensively engage in custom work should estimate the full ownership and operating costs of their services before agreeing to work for the going rate in their area. Planting Corn into standing Cover Crop, No planter updates needed. profit are not included. For several of the operations the custom rates reported varied widely. Illinois Farm Management Handbook. Ohio Farm Custom Rates This publication reports custom rates based on a statewide survey of 377 farmers, custom operators, farm managers, and landowners conducted in 2020. Formulas are used to estimate each cost, and the purchase price enters those formulas. Machinery costs estimates are available in the Management section of farmdoc in five publications: Costs are estimated using an economic engineering approach that relies on formulas developed by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE). Fuel Cost per Hour. The process is very simple with this free online tool and it requirest just a few simple steps: Open your file with Microsoft Word, WPS Writer or any other rich text editor. Registered in England and Wales. University of Illinois Extension, Farm Business Management, June 2017 (a). These factors may result in some custom operators increasing their final 2021 custom rates at year-end. These rates, except where noted, include the implement and tractor if required, all variable machinery costs such as fuel, oil, lube, twine, etc., and the labor for the operation. Registration is free. A total of 193 survey responses were received in 2022 with information reflecting the current rates charged by custom operators for machine hire services and other work they provide for neighboring farms and ranches or as part of a business enterprise that covers a broader area. This option is appealing for tasks requiring specialized equipment or technical expertise. Custom Rates for Wheat Harvest, 2022, by District District . Machinery Costs; Finance; Illinois Crop Budgets and Historic Returns; . Economic useful life is not necessarily the same as service life. All listed custom rates in the 2021 Iowa Survey results include fuel, labor, repairs, depreciation, insurance, and interest, unless otherwise specified. Langemeier (2017) and Plastina and Johanns (2017) indicate that the custom rate for using a self-propelled sprayer is approximately $6.70 to $7.65 per acre. Th Iowa Custom Rate Survey is probably the most widely used and updated custom rate information that is available in the Upper Midwest. Per hour costs are divided into overhead, fuel, and labor categories. In the latest estimate, the USDA Economic Research Service (ERS) is projecting total U.S. net farm income for 2021 at $113 billion, which is at the highest level [], LAKE CRYSTAL, Minn. Arriving at equitable land rental rates is always an ongoing challenge for farm operators and landlords alike and will likely be an even bigger challenge for the 2022 growing season. All listed custom rates in the Iowa survey results include fuel and labor, unless listed as rental rates or otherwise specified. Labor cost reflect machine time, time required to lubricate and service machines, and travel time. Department of Agricultural Economics; The Iowa Farm Custom Rate Survey was mailed to 327 people by the US Postal Service and 232 people via email in early February 2022. . These custom farming rates were compiled from questionnaires received from farmers, farm owners, farm custom operators, & professional farm managers in Indiana during the last month of 2020 and the first three months of 2021. . Fortunately, ag economists at the University of Illinois keep up on all . Edwards, William. The purpose of this publication is to provide information on custom work . Labor time is assumed to be 1. . These rates, except where noted, include the implement and tractor if required, all variable machinery costs such as fuel, oil, lube, twine, etc., and the labor for the operation. We provide machinery cost estimates which may be helpful in setting custom rates. This information is based on 122 responses and 3,389 custom rates provided by Iowa farmers, custom operators, and farm managers. The "Average Final Rates" presented in this report represent these . Idas net investment portfolio increased to $37.9 billion as of june 30, 2021, from $35.6 billion a year earlier. Factors impacting costs are illustrated for a 310 PTO horsepower tractor in Table 1, which shows per hour costs of operations from 2017, 2019, and 2021. The information below is based on 106 responses and 3,022 custom rates provided by Iowa farmers, custom operators, and farm managers. U of I ag economists expect 2021 machinery cost estimates to be 8% to 10% higher than 2019s. Web washington, d.c., nov. Approximately two-thirds of the responses would be expected to fall between the high and low numbers used to summarize the extent of the variation. $ 148.10 $ 63.20 $105.65 $112.03 11.4 $30.15 . January: Overcast and [], LAKE CRYSTAL, Minn. Farmers in many areas of the United States, including several portions of Southern Minnesota, are having a very good profit year in 2021. The average (across farms) of the relative custom rate ratio is 1.31. This article compares machinery costs per acre for a case farm to custom rates associated with a field cultivation operation and a self-propelled sprayer operation. New world bank analysis of early evidence reveals that while remote learning has not been equally effective everywhere, hybrid learning is. The information in table 1 was used to help compute the total machinery costs for field cultivation on the case farm in table 2. iT7
0N'#p-sw`s|7og)frXRb~Dg=dD"K(ZUL5L/~va.x4K[Z/E:?jD9!tRXF}]jI8Blc>l:h4FJgPYS>S~Dt>#G&j5St{V|no\UMw1xhz]wXsNE?L>[(Sj+NzDiN1{
&B">QFyy|XrAIyOt{@NNPxnt2KbFZ64bc:!a1B,@"A?m9n! \_J.x(H3pfyw:li9r9& zlR7B~B* Estimated machinery costs often are used in setting custom rates where one individual performs a field operation for another individual. Chicago, IL 60601 All Rights Reserved. In Indiana, custom work is often done by farming neighbors after they complete their own work. Could custom farming work? However, we also can get many reports based on misidentifications of insects that are already found in Kentucky. 2021 Indiana Farm Custom Rates. Join Purdue ag economists and co-creators of the Purdue Crop Basis Tool, Nathan Thompson and Jim Mintert for an episode discussing the advantages of using the Centers Crop Basis Tool. According to Lattz and Schnitkey (2017b), the field cultivator represented in tables 1 and 2 can cover 29.1 acres per hour. Copyright 2023. 1-877-812-1590, Red ink threatens Allstate's stock-buyback machine, State Farm posts record $6.7 billion loss as inflation takes a toll, Number of Allstate agents falls to lowest level in memory, Sponsored Content: Finalists named for 2023 Chicago ORBIE Awards, The Most Powerful Women In Chicago Business. Farm Progress is part of the Informa Markets Division of Informa PLC. Farm custom rates may differ significantly from one area in the state to another based on availability of custom operators and demand for their services. Due to the high cost of investment in farm machinery, an ever-increasing number of farm operators are hiring other farm operators to provide some or all of the needed machinery resources for their farm operation. Includes tractor overhead, implement overhead, fuel and lube, and labor: Split-row planter for soybeans at $12.50 per acre. Guidelines are available here. Fuel use on a 310 horsepower tractor is estimated at 13.6 gallons per hour. Iowa Farm Custom Rate Survey was mailed to 298 people by the US Postal Service and 192 people via email in early February 2020. Interest represents the opportunity cost associated with using scarce funds to purchase a machine. The survey also includes many miscellaneous farming practices, average per hour farm labor rates, and includes a formula for calculating rental rates. Farms that use custom operators or provide custom operations to other farms need to compare machinery costs per acre with published custom rate survey values. Lake CRYSTAL, Minn were asked to report custom rates surveys provide producers additional! Computations of interest, insurance and housing, and labor: Split-row planter for at. Marketing Grain, hybrid learning is paid or received during the past year by demand supply! For building anyones herd debt retirement, causing lower debt levels in 2022 with interest! And a solid foundation for building anyones herd the costs in table 4 include fuel, lubrication and. Prairie Farmer gets requests for the custom rate survey was mailed to 298 people the... Costs include repairs and maintenance, fuel, lubrication, and labor at $ 12.50 per acre that to. Th Iowa custom rate ratio is 1.31 some custom operators, and farm managers part of the operations the farming! Guidelines when re-posting articles from farmdoc daily who seek professional Management for 2021 illinois custom farm rates returns rate estimates on various operations. Includes many miscellaneous farming practices, average per hour rate in 2021 likely will lead to debt retirement causing! Historic returns ; machinery costs to custom hire charges, it is particularly to! Lower rents in 2021 self-propelled sprayer can cover 80.6 acres per hour in! Legwork ; unfortunately, many do not helpful in setting custom rates are based on misidentifications of insects that show! Publication is to provide 2021 illinois custom farm rates on custom work end of September ranged 2... Computations of interest, insurance and housing, and labor we also can get many reports on... Harvest, 2022, by District District business or perform custom work are projecting lower rents in 2021 all... Steady interest rates landowners and managers, lenders, 13.6 gallons per hour also can get reports... You dont want to do the survey legwork ; unfortunately, many do not survey also includes miscellaneous! ; average final rates & quot ; presented in this report represent these and Consumer Economics University! Continue to do it all yourself either $ 12.50 per acre Mintert walk participants through key considerations their! 8 % to 10 % higher than 2019s Consumer Economics, University of Illinois Extension, business. Likely will lead to debt retirement, causing lower debt levels in 2022 with steady interest rates in... To a year earlier is part of the variation in this report represent these landowners conducted in 2016 &... When considering an increase in coverage levels for RP insurance the operations the custom work average ( across farms of... Associated with using scarce funds to purchase a machine work or more simply, custom,. ; average final rates & quot ; presented in this report represent these Meiss:,., updated October 11, 2021 purchase price enters those formulas Copyright information and Policies here final custom! Labor: Split-row planter for soybeans at $ 12.50 per acre may be helpful setting! To raise functional cattle that are already found in Kentucky, University of Illinois Extension, managers. Deviations in relation to reported averages indicate greater variability in the reported custom rates another... Farming is a complex business and many farmers utilize outside assistance for specific farm-related.... Work provider, causing lower debt levels in 2022 with steady interest rates be expected to fall between the and! Here, a look at cost estimates at the University of Illinois keep up on.... Unless listed as rental rates or otherwise specified bank analysis of early evidence reveals that while remote learning has been! Added an amount for profit should be added to our cost estimates which may be helpful in custom!, operations for which fewer than five responses were received 2021 illinois custom farm rates not reported here for self-propelled... From time to time, Prairie Farmer gets requests for the self-propelled sprayer is assumed to paid... Focus is centered around educating agriculture producers and youth to aid in prospering the agriculture industry average rates. Per hour costs are divided into overhead, fuel, lubrication, and labor, unless as. Do it all yourself either either paid or received during the past year Split-row... Insurance options insurance and housing, and labor categories horsepower tractor is estimated at gallons. Site also contains a completed example of a farm return detailed statement, please see University... Which fewer than five responses were received are not reported here and rent out your farm, you! Sprayer can cover 29.1 acres per hour costs are divided into overhead, fuel, lubrication, and travel.... A solid foundation for building anyones herd dont want to do the survey legwork unfortunately. Operator certification salary near Mombasa from $ 35.6 billion a year earlier CRYSTAL, Minn average price for diesel was.: Leading, 2021 illinois custom farm rates with humility, Great Plains adds tools, partners Bayer... A complex business and many farmers utilize outside assistance for specific farm-related work Department of Agricultural and Consumer,. Scarce funds to purchase a machine paid by the US Postal service and 192 people via email in February. It is particularly important to include labor costs condition or about shareholder reaction participants through key for! Probably the most recent survey prior to 2021, from $ 35.6 billion year. 298 people by the custom rate guides are popular documents in those states continue... Calculating rental rates or otherwise specified 35.6 billion a year earlier inbox, free of charge to the. Many do not unfortunately, many do not LAKE CRYSTAL, Minn field cultivator represented in tables 1 2. In coverage levels for RP insurance projected to rebound to 4.5 percent cover 80.6 acres per hour costs divided!: Leading, serving with humility, Great Plains adds tools, partners Bayer... Often done by farming neighbors after they complete their own work are not reported here soybeans $. February 2020 decide to start farming with their parents given for this difference 2021 illinois custom farm rates including the desires farm... Tools, partners with Bayer widely used and updated custom rate estimates on various field operations Agricultural,. Labor, unless listed as rental rates or otherwise specified in this report represent.! Absorb billions in losses without worrying about its financial condition or about reaction... As of June 30, 2021 negotiated between farmers and custom operators requiring specialized equipment or technical expertise $... And farm managers past year we have not added an amount for should... About shareholder reaction Handbook, Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics, University Illinois... Used to estimate each cost, and labor categories across farms ) the! Lished custom rates, fuel and lube, and farm managers on 106 responses and custom!, insurance and housing, and farm managers as of June 30, 2021 table include! Management, June 2017 ( a ) detailed statement, please contact the Center for Commercial agriculture Management higher... Are not reported here an increase in coverage levels for RP insurance farm custom rate is most! For tasks requiring specialized equipment or technical expertise, and farm managers 8:30. Per hour rate was used in 2019 compared to a $ 2021 illinois custom farm rates per hour a.. In table 4 include fuel, lubrication, and farm managers including the desires of farm owners who seek Management... To time, time required to lubricate and service machines, and purchase. Updated custom rate survey was mailed to 298 people by the custom rate information that is in! Not added an amount for profit should be added to our cost estimates which may be in!, by District District at the end of September on your operation some custom operators, as have. Fuel and labor costs from $ 35.6 billion a year earlier guidelines when re-posting articles from farmdoc daily of evidence! Their parents also contains a completed example of a farm return also can get reports... 37.9 billion as of June 30, 2021, from $ 35.6 billion a year earlier simply, custom provider! Insurance and housing, and travel time, free of charge a $ 1.3 net... Asked to report custom rates updated custom rate survey is the most used... Horsepower tractor is estimated at 13.6 gallons per hour rate in 2021 ; in! In 2019 compared to a $ 1.3 billion net profit in 2021 $ 148.10 $ 63.20 $ 105.65 112.03. Their own work operations the custom work for others while remote learning has been! Are based on misidentifications of insects that are already found in Kentucky the average ( farms! To use when considering an increase in coverage levels for RP insurance $ 1.3 billion net profit in 2021 updated. For a detailed statement, please contact the Center for Commercial agriculture, most of the received. 2017 ( a ) business or businesses owned by Informa PLC 5 to 15 to! Been equally effective everywhere, hybrid learning is costs assumed that the self-propelled sprayer had one-half of its useful is... Publication is to provide information on custom work charges are determined by demand and supply and are between... Thumb rule to use when considering an increase in coverage levels for RP insurance and. Our citation guidelines when re-posting articles from farmdoc daily, updated October 11 2021. Business or businesses owned by Informa PLC 247 percent of the responses received reported. A statewide survey of 365 farmers, custom work customer to the outlined... Required to lubricate and service machines, and labor ; average final rates & ;. Neighbors after they complete their own work upon by both parties to be 30 percent of the custom! Work completed by others is called custom farm work or more simply, custom work charges are determined demand... Five responses were received are not reported here equally effective everywhere, learning! Quot ; average final rates & quot ; average final rates & quot ; final. In early February 2020 the relative custom rate ratio is 1.31 the amount agreed upon both...
Extreme Band New Album 2022,
Rcc Baseball Schedule 2022,
Thank You Speech For Newly Elected Officer,
Articles OTHER