Ben: But there is reason to believe that these documents arent just missing. And people talk about the transmission of trauma through generations. Ben: Duncan Cameron was 10 years old when his dad became the Director of the Allan Memorial Institute in Montreal. Skip Ancestry main menu Main Menu. He studied Medicine at the University of Glasgow and obtained his degree in 1924. . Cregg: What do you know about mind-control experiments? [citation needed]; if the greater population of Germany saw the atrocities of World War II, they would surely submit to a re-organized system of justice. (Beyond Nuremburg, ABA Journal March 1997; News accounts of five legal cases at: The Law and Mind Control Mind Control Through Five Cases). Unfortunately, a lot of what went on within them has been lost: In 1973, the majority of the documents associated with MKUltra were destroyed in a massive (and not-at-all-suspicious) purge. And Mary Morrow? We collect and match historical records that Ancestry users have contributed to their family trees to create each person's profile. (McCoy, 2007) Indeed, Hebb and Camerons contribution as pioneers who designed the psychological paradigm for torture used by the CIA was acknowledged by The McGill Daily, in 2012. On March 12, her records show she was considered "depatterned": She could no longer stand, speak, could barely swallow, was incontinent, and required treatment by an obstetrician for severe bleeding. Ben: After Marians mom left the Allan, she struggled for the rest of her life to regain her sense of self and mental clarity. Memories are not the most reliable form of evidence. Old '45" Cameron Major Cameron (1663 - 1718) family tree on Geni, with over 230 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. Psychiatric experimentation: the lessons or history, The Journal of the California Alliance for the Mentally Ill, 1994, Vol. He argued that people with mental illnesses could spread and transmit their diseases. Deze informatie is onderdeel van Families Klein, Ree, de Breed en de Vries van Terschelling van Marthan Klein op Genealogie Online. Charles Tanny was a former patient of Dr. Donald Ewen Cameron at the Allan Memorial Institute in Montreal in 1957. [22], During the 1950s and 1960s, Cameron became involved in what has later become known as the MKUltra mind control program, which was covertly sponsored by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)[6] and which eventually led to the publication of the KUBARK Counterintelligence Interrogation manual. So why havent they? Amory: The answer might be in the idea of brainwashing itself. And there some of them were high risk ones. [15], Before his arrival in Nuremberg, Cameron had written The Social Reorganization of Germany, in which he argued that German culture and its individual citizens would have to be transformed and reorganized. Cameron believed that mental illness was literally contagious that if one came into contact with someone with mental illness, one would begin to produce the symptoms of a mental disease. Ben: Sure, but I mean, in terms of trying to help cure people of mental illness or anything like that, not necessarily his process, but his end goal. Cleghorn immediately went and took a long, hard look at what Cameron had actually been doing in his little corner of the university, and he was pretty shocked. Birthdate: June 04, 1906. Heres documentarian Stephen Bennett, whose film Eminent Monsters looks at the real echoes of Camerons work in government interrogation programs today. And these are pictures of him, these are both in the Adirondack Mountains. She said: "She wasn't able to talk to me about life and regular stuff. Cameron would analyze what conditions produced the stronger worker, what would be the necessary conditions to replicate this personality and to reward the stronger while disciplining the weaker. I mean, he was that much of a scientist. Duncan: I think the furthest I got was to his office. Ben: So its fitting that, today, most of what people hear about the CIAs search for mind control also seems to come from fantasy and popular fiction. Duncan: Well, I think that I would feel sad about that. There are a few ways to reach us: This content was originally created for audio. Now, a recent court decision has. He reported that "the subject's very identity had begun to disintegrate," and that's when someone should, ya know, stop. [6] Decades after his own death, the psychic driving technique he developed continued to see extensive use in the torture of prisoners around the world. Stephen: So they created a manual, which basically was for intelligence personnel. He never got one. The insecure man "They are the driven crowds that makes the army of the authoritarian overlord; they are the stuffing of conservatism mediocrity is their god. But the government agency backing his experiments at the Allan did find a way to make use of his methods. Sarah Anne Johnson: I imagine this is very difficult for his family. But he has fond childhood memories of summers spent in New Yorks Adirondack Mountains, where his dads competitive nature led him again and again to the line of the horizon. Pregnant with son Lloyd, Esther was kept in a drug-induced coma in the sleep room for a month, where she lost 13 pounds. And how his work lives on. Amory: Hey, Dad, let's get out of here!, Duncan: I can remember doing that several times. Amory: Just not in the way he might have hoped. Jim Turner: The most salient point that I recall is that Camerons son told us that he'd taken his father's private records and had destroyed them. Not, at least, until well into 1965, months after they were told to end the experiments. He died of a heart attack while climbing a mountain in the Adirondacks in 1967. Kinzer: This idea of some evil scientists taking control of someone else's mind is a wonderfully appealing trope, and it's been used repeatedly in very popular movies and books and stories. We want to hear from you! Ben: Duncan says his father was so busy that he didnt see much of him during their time in Montreal. [33] The son of one of Cameron's patients noted in a memoir that other than Ed Broadbent and Svend Robinson, no Canadian MP brought up the issue in the House of Parliament. Alison Steel won compensation for her mother's misery in 2017, says the CBC: $100,000 in exchange for ending legal action. He moved to Upstate New York where he studied aging and memory at two hospitals in Albany. "He was supposed to do wonders with people with depression or mental health issues." A possessive type, filled with jealousy and demanding utmost loyalty. Its in the Netflix show, Stranger Things: Amory: Or the hit video game Call of Duty: Ben: They're talking about it on The West Wing:C.J. And Camerons part of that. With a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation, money from John Wilson McConnell of the Montreal Star, and a gift of Sir Hugh Allan's mansion on Mount Royal, the Allan Memorial Institute for psychiatry was founded. "He was this miracle psychiatrist," she said. It petered out in the early 60s as the programs director, Sidney Gottlieb, came to a realization. "[H]e was born in. His death occurred while climbing a mountain. Ewen Cameron experimented on people right up until he left the Allan in 1964. Ewen Cameron made the hike with Duncans younger brother, James. Ben: He looks like hes having a good time. [37], Whether or not Cameron was aware that funding for his experiments was coming from the CIA is unclear; it has been argued that he would have carried out the exact same experiments if funding had come from a source without ulterior motives. And they haven't been super successful. Operating under the umbrella of MKUltra were as many as 162 sub-projects, with as many as 80 different organizations involved in research. As soon as his family found out about his death, they burned all the files that this man kept in his possession. (laughter). Ben: Jims right. Maybe the people responsible are waiting for all of us to forget. Harvey: Here he is trying to reach the peak, trying to climb the mountain, reach this goal. And I think you have, as much as love that you had for him you also had respect for him. Duncan: He probably did, but I dont think I could remember the specifics of it. Cameron also wanted to revolutionize the way psychology and psychiatry looked at mental illness. After he left, his position as chair of the department of psychiatry was handed to Robert Cleghorn. [30][bettersourceneeded], In 1980, the Canadian investigative news program The Fifth Estate interviewed two former patients of Cameron's who were among several of his ex patients who were at that time suing the CIA for the long term effects of Cameron's treatment. Joseph Rauh Jr. was one of the attorneys that represented the group who filed lawsuits in the mid-1980s. And here I am looking much younger than I am now. [1] In papers published during this time he linked RNA to memory. Amory: Marian was 5 years old when her mom was admitted to the Allan for what she thinks was postpartum depression. Those were right out. First I have to say that my father was exceedingly committed to his field. Thank you! 5, p. 2227) As a result of the lawsuit, the CIA agreed to pay $750,000, the maximum allowed under U.S. law, to settle a case without conceding liability. Like, did she always have problems? And he said, Oh, gosh. She goes, No. She was the one that was gonna go and conquer the world. Anyone with any appreciation of the complexity of the human mind would not expect that you could erase an adult mind and then add things back with this stupid psychic driving., Amory: The CIA also turned its back on Cameron. But we do have his son, Duncan Cameron. ", "Brainwashing's Avatar: The Curious Career of Dr. Ewen Cameron,". The extent of Goldberg's treatment - or mistreatment - while in the care of Dr. Donald Ewen Cameron at the Allan Memorial Institute, would remain an encumbering family secret for years. from the University of London in 1925, and an M.D. Amory: Dr. Ewen Cameron will never be able to respond to the intergenerational trauma created by his work. David Cameron's grandfather Ewen Donald Cameron (1906-1958) was a City of London figure who became a director at the stock brokerage house Panmure Gordon. Marian: There was a picture of my mom there and somebody commented, Ugh that's the Johanna that's her name I remember. And my sister looked at him and said, But what was she like? And he has a much different memory of how it all went down. . Duncan Cameron: This is a picture of the whole family. It's hardwired into the brain. In 1936, he also published his first book, Objective and Experimental Psychiatry which introduced his belief that psychiatry should approach the study of human behavior in a rigorous, scientific fashion rooted in biology. He clearly had his mind set on doing unorthodox research long before the Agency front started to fund him. These became the basis of a new social and behavioural science that he would later institute through his presidencies of the Canadian, American and World Psychiatric Associations, the American Psychopathological Association and the Society of Biological Psychiatry. And he admits that the papers he removed are now destroyed. And in that sense, I think his ambition overrode his skills and his ability to do the research. Ewen Cameron was fulfilling one of the items on his life bucket list: to climb Street Mountain. Another patient was suffering from leg pains that no one had been able to diagnose. His response? Region. Heres part of Duncans transcript: Duncan (from the transcript): I recall contacting the American Psychiatric Association and asking them if they would have an interest in holding his papers in their archives, and they expressed an interest in doing it. father. The idea was turning the mind into a fresh slate for the next part of the process, called "psychic driving.". He had patients. He began to develop the discipline of social psychiatry which concentrated on the roles of interpersonal interaction, family, community and culture in the emergence and amelioration of emotional disturbance. Allan Cameron. In 1928, Cameron left Baltimore for the Burghlzli, the psychiatric hospital of the University of Zurich, in Switzerland, where he studied under Hans W. Maier, the successor of Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler, who had significantly influenced psychiatric thinking. In 1929 he moved to Canada where he worked in the Brandon Mental Hospital in Manitoba as the physician in charge. This third type needs, This page was last edited on 16 February 2023, at 19:10. We encourage you to research and examine these records . Cameron reported to John Gittinger, an agent in charge of overseeing parts of MKUltra. Cameron further argued that "the weak" must not influence children. His list of credentials was so long it's impossible to list them all, but for starters, his resume included the University of Glasgow and Johns Hopkins, and in the 1930s, he was lauded for setting up a series of psychiatric clinics. Any documents that related to patient treatment were destroyed? He has an open, amused look on his face. That's how quick it is because it removes your time and space. It describes various personalities that he believed were of marked danger to all members of society. Then we brought them down I think it was probably during one of my infrequent jaunts up there I brought them down in my car, and I then took them over and deposited them at the American Psychiatric Association. In other words, torture. Amory: They bounced around between foster homes and orphanages for years, experienced emotional and physical abuse. Ben: But the Canadian and US governments could take accountability for their support of Cameron. And we would take off. Please note . [34], Naomi Klein states in her book The Shock Doctrine that Cameron's research and his contribution to MKUltra were not about mind control and brainwashing, but "to design a scientifically based system for extracting information from 'resistant sources.' Ironically, his lasting impact would be on how to destroy the human mind, not how to repair it. Their diagnosis was amnesia and hysteria, per a short commentary in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Esther Schrier who was a nurse at Montreal's Jewish General Hospital tragically lost her first child at just three weeks of age. It is true. Sir Ewen Cameron of Lochiel, 17t. [7], Donald Ewen Cameron was born in Bridge of Allan, Scotland, the oldest son of a Presbyterian minister. Amory: Sarahs grandmother, Val, sued the CIA forty years ago for supporting Dr. Camerons work at the Allan. Joseph Rauh (from the transcript): But as far as you know now, neither you nor your brother or sister or mother have *any* papers left that are not sort of public documents? Donald Ewen Cameron was born in Scotland in 1901. It was a heart attack and was very sudden. He furthered his diagnostic definitions of clinical states such as anxiety, depression and schizophrenia. Some would bang their heads against the walls relentlessly, trying to get the helmets off and that's when he realized he could just put them back into a medically-induced coma and play the tapes for as long as he wanted. He graduated from the University of Glasgow in 1924. To prevent this, the West would have to take measures to reorganize German society. From 1939 to 1943 he was professor of neurology and psychiatry at Albany Medical College, and at the Russell Sage School of Nursing, also in the Albany area. You know, my job was to look out for the cops. Amory: Immortal Technique is rapping about it: Ben: But for those who have had to deal with the fallout of MK-ULTRA on a personal level, the fact that the program rarely gets discussed outside the realm of pop culture can feel discouraging. She went from apartment to apartment, mental hospital to mental hospital. Many spent this period of time in what he called the "sleep room," where they were drugged into a medically-induced coma that they were brought out of only to be given three meals a day and the occasional trip to the bathroom. Dr. Donald Ewen Cameron did experiments so horrifying he's been called "Scotland's Mengele." Here's why MKUltra's top brainwashing scientist was a nightmare. There was also Donald Hebb, who ran McGills psychology department at the time Cameron was running its psychiatry department. He received an M.B., Ch.B. Toby Ziegler:In the '50s, it was the CIA mind control research program begun in response to the Chinese attempt on U.S. prisoners. 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