a second nerve impulse cannot be generated until

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The nerve goes through a brief refractory period before racing resting potential. A nerve impulse is similar to a lightning strike. a) nuclei It delays the process of conducting signals because it uses a higher number of ion channels to alter the resting state of the neuron. When a sensory neuron is excited by some form of nerdy, the resulting graded potential is called a(n) ____, If a motor neuron in the body were stimulated by an electrode placed about midpoint along the length of the axon _____. d) leakage channel, What is the role of acetylcholinesterase? will result in no response in a neuron. A) They increase amplitude as they move away from the stimulus point. Neurons may be classified according to several characteristics. Saltatory conduction increases the speed at which a nerve signal is conducted down the length of an axon. The polarization state is also known as the Unstimulated or non-conductive state. 0.50.50.5 liters d) generator potential, Which of the following describes the excitatory postsynaptic potential? helping to determine capillary permeability, Which of the following is not a chemical class of neurotransmitters? In an action potential, the cell membrane potential changes quickly from negative to positive as sodium ions flow into the cell through ion channels, while potassium ions flow out of the cell, as shown in Figure \(\PageIndex{3}\). 4 shows the change in potential of the axon membrane during an action potential. 50. The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole nerve cell must be stimulated for conduction to take place. True or False, Neurons that are far away from the center of the neuron pool and that are not easily excited by an incoming stimulus are in the discharge zone. An action potential can form at these gaps and impulse will jump from node to node by saltatory conduction. Select the correct answer for the following question: In order a nerve impulse to be generated there needs to be a stimulus. During the resting state, the sodium-potassium pump maintains a difference in charge across the cell membrane of the neuron. Which neuron would be found in the retina of the eye? It causes the movement of ions both against the concentration gradient. The interior is ________. a second nerve impulse cannot be generated until___ the membrane potential has been reestablished: an impulse from one nerve cell is communicated to another nerve cell via the___ synapse: neuroglia that control the chemical enviroment around neurons by buffering potassium and recapturing neurotransmitters are___ astrocytes the Na+ ions have been pumped back into the cell. Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? One incoming fiber triggers responses in ever-increasing numbers ________ is a neurotransmitter of the CNS that is used by Purkinje cells of the CNS. The answer is 'the membrane potential has been reestablished' Ths occurs by pumping out sodium ions from the inside of the cell. What is certain is that when the concentration of Ca2+ is increased within the terminal, the probability of transmitter release is also increased. The synapse more common in embryonic nervous tissue than in adults is the ________. )Which neuron is a sensory neuron found in a reflex arc? Almost instantly the membrane actually reverses polarity, and the inside acquires a positive charge in relation to the outside. second nerve impulse CANNOT be generated until membrane potential has been reestablished 29 interior surface of a cell membrane of a resting (nonconducting) neuron differ from the external environment? The answer involves ions, which are electrically charged atoms or molecules. A) proteins have been resynthesized B) all sodium gates are closed C) the Na ions have been pumped back into the cell D) the membrane potential has been reestablished B) destroy ACh a brief period after its release by the axon endings. That is, the membrane potential has to reach a certain level of depolarization, called the threshold, otherwise, an action potential will not start. The ions may attach to the membranes of synaptic vesicles, in some way facilitating their fusion with the nerve terminal membrane. This amazing cloud-to-surface lightning occurred when a difference in electrical charge built up in a cloud relative to the ground. A second nerve impulse cannot be generated until _____. a. A second nerve impulse cannot be generated until _____. 16. are called ________. It is uncertain what happens in the time between Ca2+ entry and transmitter release. During depolarization, as impulse is carried across the cell, sodium ions channels open and the sodium outside of the cell enters the cell. 5.) This page titled 11.4: Nerve Impulses is shared under a CK-12 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Suzanne Wakim & Mandeep Grewal via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request. b) sensory and motor neurons that supply the digestive tract a) the synaptic cleft prevents an impulse from being transmitted directly from one neuron to another 4.) after-discharge circuitD) Converging circuit, Cell bodies of sensory neurons may be located in ganglia lying The box labeled D illustrates three mechanisms by which the effects of a neurotransmitter may be terminated. The period after an initial stimulus when a neuron is not sensitive to another stimulus is the ________. ________ law is the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance. As the flow of current in a wire occurs at a specific voltage only, similarly the conduction of nerve impulse occurs when a stimulus has a maximum threshold value of -55 millivolts. In electrical synapses, two neurons are connected through channel proteins for transmitting a nerve impulse. One is the vertebrate neuromuscular junction, and the other is the giant synapse of the squid Loligo. Axon diameter and degree of myelination determine nerve impulse membrane exhibits chemically gated ion channels. C) brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves, Which of the following neurotransmitters inhibits pain and is They are generated when the nerve Whether acting upon ion channels directly or indirectly, the neurotransmitter molecules cause a sudden change in the permeability of the membrane to specific ions. c) ependymal cells A neuron that has as its primary function the job of connecting other neurons is called a(n) _____. An inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) is associated with ________. However, the velocity of conduction along the nerve fibre is dependent upon several factors. Nerve Impulse is a major mode of signal transmission for the Nervous system. Because it varies in amplitude, the local potential is said to be graded. a) excitatory potential Which of the following is correct? An inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) is associated with ________. This reverse polarity constitutes the nerve impulse. This is because Schwann cells are functionally similar to ________. B) negatively charged and contains less sodium. The term central nervous system refers to the ________. An inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) is associated with b) Schwann cells 1.) the amplitude of action potentials generated to increase. F(A,B,C,D)=BD+BCD+ABC+ABCD+BDF(A, B, C, D)=B D^{\prime}+B^{\prime} C D+A B C+A B C^{\prime} D+B^{\prime} D^{\prime}F(A,B,C,D)=BD+BCD+ABC+ABCD+BD (b) Find the minimum sum of products. diffusion of K+ out of the axon through gated ion channels. They may also be removed from the terminal by exchange with extracellular Na+a mechanism known to occur at some neuronal membranes. Neurons sense the changes in the environment and as a result, generate nerve impulses to prepare the body against those changes. True or False, A graded potential that is the result of a neurotransmitter released into the synapse between two neurons is called a postsynaptic potential. However, most synapses are chemical synapses. A series of nerve impulses arriving in rapid succession at the axon terminal is accurately reproduced as a series in the postsynaptic cell because the quanta of neurotransmitter released by each impulse are inactivated as soon as they stimulate the receptor proteins. Select the correct statement regarding synapses. c) action potential Since ions cannot cross the lipid content of the myelin sheath, they spread passively down the nerve fibre until reaching the unmyelinated nodes of Ranvier. A single type of channel will open, permitting simultaneous flow of sodium and potassium. The action potential is a result of the movement of ions in and out of the cell. Outline how a signal is transmitted from a presynaptic cell to a postsynaptic cell at a chemical synapse. Because this infusion of positive charge brings the membrane potential toward the threshold at which the nerve impulse is generated, it is called an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP). The resulting increase in positive charge inside the cell (up to about +40 mV) starts the action potential. As instantaneous as the opening of sodium channels at threshold potential is their closing at the peak of action potential. a single depolarization. B) analyzes sensory information, stores information, makes decisions. The place where an axon terminal meets another cell is called a synapse. ii. Which of the following will occur when an excitatory postsynaptic a second nerve impulse cannot be generated until: the membrane potential has been re-established: in what way does the interior surface of a cell membrane of a resting (nonconducting) neuron differ from the external enviroment? B) A nerve impulse occurs if the excitatory and inhibitory effects are equal. In contrast to electrical transmission, which takes place with almost no delay, chemical transmission exhibits synaptic delay. The nerve impulse travels across the membrane of the axon in the form of an electrical signal. If the stimulus is more than the threshold value, then it will generate a nerve impulse that will travel across the entire length of the axon. Tecle, with a mass of 65.0 kg, is standing by the boards at the side of an ice skating rink. interior is ________. This can be a factor for increasing the speed of nerve impulse from about 30-1 m/ to 90-1 m/s. (nonconducting) neuron differ from the external environment? A) The release of neurotransmitter molecules gives cells the b) amplify or enhance the effect of ACh (See the figure.) Try it now. This expulsion process is called exocytosis. Explain how an electrical signal in a presynaptic neuron causes the transmission of a chemical signal at the synapse. During the repolarization state, efflux of potassium ions through the potassium channel occurs. The neuron is either at rest with a polarized membrane, or it is conducting a nerve impulse at reverse polarization. resulting graded potential is called a(n) ________.A) excitatory potential. Postsynaptic membrane. Explain how and why an action potential occurs. This reverse polarity constitutes the nerve impulse. This helps in maintaining the membrane potential and thus favors faster nerve impulses. True or False, Action potentials can be generated by virtually all cells of the body because all cells possess cell membranes. The signal is transmitted in the form of ions and therefore it is much faster than chemical synapses. Which of the following would be the most typical urinary output in a day? During this, the sodium ATPase pump allows the re-establishment of the original distribution of sodium and potassium ions. The effect of a neurotransmitter on a postsynaptic cell depends mainly on the type of receptors that it activates, making it possible for a particular neurotransmitter to have different effects on various target cells. A stimulus traveling toward a synapse appears to open calcium ion A second nerve impulse cannot be generated until ____, the membrane potential has been reestablished. The signal finally reaches the target cell where it shows a response. Sodium is the principal ion in the fluid outside of cells, and potassium is the principal ion in the fluid inside of cells. the membrane This transmission of the nerve impulse by synapses involves the interaction between the axon ending of one neuron (Presynaptic neuron) to the dendrite of another neuron (Postsynaptic neuron). are crucial for the development of neural connections. When one or more presynaptic neurons fire in rapid order it produces a much greater depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane than would result from a single EPSP; this event is called ________ summation. The sodium-potassium pump is a mechanism of active transport that moves sodium ions out of cells and potassium ions into cells. 2.) The part of a neuron that conducts impulses away from its cell body is called a(n) ________. C) The synaptic cleft prevents an impulse from being transmitted In chemical transmission, a chemical substance called the neurotransmitter passes from one cell to the other, stimulating the second cell to generate its own action potential. Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? sc.7.L.15.2. It is a change in the resting state of the neuron. d. 2.22.22.2 liters. Once stimulated by Ca2+, the vesicles move through the cytoplasm and fuse their membranes with the plasma membrane of the terminal. During the refractory period, another action potential cannot be generated. ________ potentials are short-lived, local changes in membrane potential that can be either depolarized or hyperpolarized. Involved in activating fibers of a skeletal muscle such as Identify three general types of effects neurotransmitters may have on postsynaptic cells. In what way does the interior surface of a cell membrane of a resting (nonconducting) . B) the impulse would spread bidirectionally. This is called repolarization of the membrane. Are the heads on a 98 and 99 v8 5.7L the same? 5.) What does the central nervous system use to determine the strength of a stimulus? b) dendrite This results in the alternation in the electro-negativity of the membrane because the stimulus causes the influx of sodium ions (electropositive ions) by 10 times more than in the resting state. Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? A neuron that has as its primary function the job of connecting other neurons is called a(n) ________. Which of the following correctly describes a graded potential? Which of the following neurotransmitters inhibits pain and is mimicked by morphine, heroin, and methadone? A neuron that has as its primary function the job of connecting other neurons is called a(n) ________. All of the following are true of graded potentials except that they ________. The speed of nerve impulse propagation varies in different types of cells. c) ions always move actively across membranes through leakage channels c) the relapse of neurotransmitter molecules gives cells the property of being electrically coupled Immediately after an action potential has peaked, which cellular gates open? A nerve impulse is produced when a stimulus acts on the nerve fibre, resulting in electrochemical changes across the nerve membrane.

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